In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the exploration and discovery of recent advances in exopolysaccharides (EPS) and their potential biotechnology and biological applications opportunities. Therefore, stimulating a strong interest towards the finding of new types of EPS molecules and the new techniques for optimizing their production for product quality and properties improvement. EPS are produced by microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi via intracellular or extracellular pathways Independent of their origin, EPS are secreted on the outside the microorganism’s cell surface. These biopolymers are synthesized via different biosynthesis pathways and these processes can be divided into three main steps. First, the recognition of a carbon substrate must occur through the cell and then afterwards, intracellular synthesis of polysaccharides takes place. Last, the produced EPS are transported to the outside of the cell , except for levans, alternans and dextrans, which are synthesized by an extracellular process.